意大利语语法否定表达

　　Not in a very agreeable mood today? There are a number of negative expressions to counteract all those smiley, happy people. Some very common negative expressions include the following:

　　non cambiare una virgola (not to change a single word)

　　non dire una sillaba (not to say a word)

　　non per la quale (not to be trusted)

　　Non vale! (That's not fair/that's cheating!)

　　fuori dal nulla (out of the blue)

　　buono a nulla (good for nothing)

　　Other common phrases that rely on the negatives are listed in below:

　　NEGATIVE PHRASES

　　da niente

　　not important

　　mai

　　never

　　nessuno

　　no one, nobody

　　niente (nulla)

　　nothing

　　né...né

　　neither...nor

　　nessun

　　no, not...any

　　neanche, nemmeno, neppure

　　not even

　　per niente

　　at all

　　Note that nessun is used as an adjective, and must agree in gender and number with the thing that it describes. Moreover, nessun and niente usually follow the verb when they act as the object. When one of these words is the subject of the sentence, its position can vary:

　　Nessuno parla. (No one speaks.)

　　Neinte ci piace. (We like nothing at all.)

　　Non parla nessuno. (No one speaks.)

　　To review the negatives, compare the two sets of phrases in the following table:

　　POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE PHRASES

　　POSITIVE

　　NEGATIVE

　　Ha fame. (She is hungry.)

　　Non ha fame. (She isn't hungry.)

　　Ho comprato qualcosa. (I bought something.)

　　Non ho comprato niente. (I didn't buy anything.)

　　Ride sempre. (He always laughs.)

　　Non ride mai. (He never laughs.)

　　Vediamo qualcuno. (We see someone.)

　　Non vediamo nessuno. (We don't see anyone.)