最新外贸英语毕业论文(5篇)

外贸英语毕业论文篇三

一．单证（documents)

进出口业务涉及的单证总的包括三大类：1。金融单证（信用证、汇票、支票和本票）

2．商业单证（发票、装箱单、运输单据、保险单等）3。用于政府管制的单证（许可证、原产地证明、商检证等）

 declaration form报关单

three steps—declaration, examination of goods and release of goods, are taken by the customs to exercise control over general import and export goods.海关对进出境货物的监管一般经过申报、查验和放行三个环节。

the person in charge of the declaration

invoice发票

ocean bill of lading提单

air waybill空运提单

packing list或packing specification（装箱单）

shipping order(装货单)

letter of credit（l|c）（信用证）

insurance policy（保险单）

sales confirmation售货确认书

contract（合同）（commodity, quantity, unit price, total amount, country of origin and manufacturer, packing, shipping mark, date of shipment, port of shipment, port of destination, insurance, payment, shipment, shipping advice, guarantee of quality, claims, force majeure, late delivery and penalty, arbitration）

certificate(commodity inspection certificate商检证

animal or plant quarantine certificate 动植物检疫证

certificate of origin原产地证)

二．报关英语常用词汇

import进口 export出口

import & export corporation(corp.)

import & export business(enterprise entitled to do import and export business)

export drawback出口退税

import & export licence

processing with imported（supplied)materials进（来）料加工

buyer买方 seller卖方

the buyer requests his bank to issue a letter of credit in favor of the (import& export goods , all import and export goods shall be subject to customs examination)cargo(bulk cargo,cargo in bulk, air cargo, sea cargo,bonded cargo, cargo-owner

what cargo is inside the container?

the cargo is now released.)

commodity(commodity inspection)

merchandise泛指商品，不特指某一商品

article(smuggled goods and articles, inward and outward goods and articles）

luggage 行李物品

postal items 邮递物品

you don’t have to pay duty on personal belongings, but the other one is subject to of transport(conveyance)运输工具(vessel, aircraft, train, vehicle):all inward and outward means of transport shall be subject to customs control on arriving in or departing from the customs vessel船名

packing(bag袋, bale包，bottle, coil圈，case, crate板条箱，dozen, package件：total packages合计件数, piece, roll, set, unit辆，台，单位，drum桶，carton纸箱, wooden cases木箱，pallet托盘，container，in bulk)

weight重量

gross weight毛重 net weight净重

tare皮重

quantity数量:the minimum quantity of an order for the goods is 500 ption of goods货名

name and specifications of commodity品名及规格

type类型

mode(term)of trade贸易方式

name of trading country贸易国

date of importation进口日期

value价值

total value of the contract commercial value, duty-paying value

the duty-paying value of an import item shall be its normal cif price and the duty-paying value of an export item shall be its fob price, minus the export duty-paying value of an inward or outward article shall be fixed by the 价格unit price单价 total price总价

total amount总价

consignor发货人 consignee收货人

while the examination is being carried out, the consignee of the import goods or the consignor of the export goods shall be present and responsible for moving the goods, opening and restoring the packing declaration of import goods shall be made to the customs by the consignee within 14 days of the declaration of the arrival of the means of transport;declaration of export goods shall be made by the consignor 24 hours prior to the loading unless otherwise approved by the customs.进口货物的收货人应当自运输工具申报进境之日起14日内，出口货物的发货人除海关特准的外应当在货物运抵海关监管区后装货的24小时以前，向海关申报。

 shipper托运人

carrier承运人(a person or business that carries goods or passengers from one place to another for payment)

notify party通知方

agent代理人:shipping agent装运代理人，发货代理人 insurance agent保险代理人

declaration of inward and outward articles and payment of duties on them may be made either by the owner or by a person the owner has entrusted to act as his 代理: china ocean shipping agency中国外轮代理公司

shipment装船，交运

shipment documents运输单据 date of shipment装船日期，装运期

combined transport shipment port to port shipment

we’ll try our best to advance shipment to t

freight charges 运费 air freight charge航空运费 freight rates运费率

extras杂费

payment

terms of payment付款方式 immediate payment即期付款

payment by l ∕c is a favorable method of payment because the exporter has bank’s promise to pay for the goods usually accept payment by irrevocable l ∕c payable against shipping documents.我们采用不可撤消的信用证，凭装运单据结汇付款方式。

port港口

port of dispatch发货港 port of departure 始发港 port of loading装货港 port of shipment 装货港，起运地 port of delivery交货港 port of destination目的港 port of discharge卸货港 port of entry进口港port of transshipment转运港

currency货币

commodity code商品编码

country of origin and manufacturers原产国及生产商

terms and conditions条件

marks, marking, mks, marks&no., shipping marks标记麦码

to, sold to messers 或for account & risk of messers（后注买方的名称和地址）messrs.是mr.的复数 as per根据

via.经，由

per(1)for each, for every:50 cents per yard

(2)through, by:shipment per steamer

二。缩写语

cif(cost, insurance and freight)到岸价格

c&f(cost and freight)

cfr(cost and freight)

fob(free on board)离岸价

l∕c n信用证编号

inv.发票

invoice no.:发票编号

contract no.;合同编号

b∕l no.:提单号

cntr no柜号

s∕c no.:销售合同号码

purchase order icate no.证书编号

.:货号

case no.:箱号

s∕o no.(shipping order):装货单号

voy.n 航次

seal no.封号(seals affixed by the customs shall not be opened or broken by any person without customs authorization.海关加施的封志，任何人不得擅自开启或损毁。)

reference no.证书编号

customs ves. # 海关编号

marks & nos.:麦头和编号

container no.集装箱号

ctns=cartons

 mawb(master air waybill)航空总运单

hawb(house air waybill)分运单

place of reipt收货地

s∕s，steam ship)船名

汇率

 m∕w(measurement∕weight)体积或重量

h.s code协调税则税目号

your ref.(reference number)贵公司编号

modes of payment:

1.汇付

t∕t（telegraphic transfer）电汇

 m∕t(mail transfer)信汇

d∕d(demand draft)票汇

2．托收

d∕p(documents against payments)付款交单

d∕a(documents against acceptance)承兑交单

3．l∕c(letter of credit)信用证

mt.(metric ton)公吨

ib.(pound)磅

g.(gram)克

 kg.(kilogram)公斤

i.(litre)升

cm.（centimetre）厘米

m.(metre)米

 yd.(yard)码

ft.(foot,feet)尺

sq.m(square metre)平方米

cu.m(cubic metre)立方米

三。常见货币名称（p.131）

australia澳大利亚 brazil 巴西 england英国 canada加拿大denmark丹麦 germany德国dutch(netherlands)荷兰 korea韩国 france法国 hong kong香港 italy意大利 macao澳门 norway挪威sweden瑞典 switzerland(swiss)瑞士

外贸英语毕业论文篇四

外贸英语

this product has been a best seller for nearly one year.该货成为畅销货已经将近1年了。there is a good market for these goods.这些货畅销。

our demand for this product is steadily on the increase.我们对该产品的需求正在稳步地增长。we are sure that you can sell more this year according to the marketing conditions at your end.根据你地的市场情况，我们确信今年你们有望销得更好。

packing has a close bearing on sales.包装对产品的销路有很大关系。there are only a few unsold pieces.只有几件商品未售出。

i will send you some brochures, if you are interested.如果您有兴趣的话，我可以寄给您一些介绍产品的小册子。

订单英语：

订单: order sheet||order form||order blank||order note 订购帐薄: order boook 订购样品||凭样订购: sample order||order by sample确实已订: firm order第一次订购: initial order||first order正式订单: formal order有限订单: limited order按行情订购: market order原始订单: original order未能按时交货订单||尚未交货订单: back order开口订货: open order开始订货: opening order继续订货||再次订货: repeat order追加订货||补充订购: additional order分批订单: split order出口订单: export order进口订单: import order已收到订单: order on hand 试验订购||试购: trial order费用: charges免费: free of charges运费: freight交货||交付: delivery到达时交货: delivery on arrival

owing to the increase of demand, you will problem make an order.由于需求不断增加，您可能要下订单。

we can ensure immediate dispatch from our stock.我们可以保证立即发货。

we will inform you of the date of dispatch immediately on completing shipment.只要一装完货，我们就会立即通知您发货日期。

we shall, of course, do our utmost to execute your order, we are compelled to cancel the order.当然，我们会尽量在商定日期之前完成您的订单。

客人询问最小单数量

what’s minimum quantity of an order of your goods? 你的商品最低起订量是多少?询问订货数量

how many do you intend to order? 这种产品你们想订多少?

would you give me an idea how much you wish to order from us?

when can we expect your confirmation of the order? 你什么时候能确定订单?

as our backlogs are increasing, please hasten the order.因为我们的储备是越来越多,请赶紧订单。

thank you for your you tell us what quantity you require so that we can work out the offer? 谢谢您的询价。你能告诉我们你方所需的数量,以便我们计算出这个供应数?

we regret that the goods you inquire about are not available.很遗憾,你们所询的货物现在无货。

客人回答订单数量

the size of our order depends greatly on the ering the long-standing business relationship between us, we accept is a trial order;please send us 100 sets only so that we may test the successful, we will give you large orders in the can’t execute orders at your limits.感谢下单

generally speaking, we can supply form stock.i want to tell you how much i appreciate your you for your order of 100 dozen of the assure you of a punctual execution of your you very much for your order.客人询问交货期

what about our request for the early delivery of the goods?

what is the earliest time when you can make delivery?

how long does it usually take you to make delivery?

when will you deliver the products to us?

when will the goods reach our port?

what about the method of delivery?

答复交货期

i think we can meet your requirement.i ‘m can’t advance the time of delivery.i’m very sorry for the delay in delivery and the inconvenience it must have caused you..we can assure you that the shipment will be made not later than the fist half of will get the goods dispatched within the stipulated earliest delivery we can make is at the end of september.客人要求提早交货

i believe that the products will reach you in time and in good order and hope they will give you complete will speed up the production in order to ship your order in time.实用语句：

let’s get down to business, shall we?让我们开始谈生意好吗?

i’d like to tell you what i think about that.我想告诉你我的一些想法。

are those prices fob or cif ?这些价格是船上交货价还是运费及保险费在内价? are these prices wholesale or retail?这些价格是批发价还是零售价?

that’s too high.价钱太高了。

oh, no, this is the lowest price.噢，不，这是最低价。

let us have your rock-bottom price.我们给你低价。

what’s the price range?价格范围是多少?

the price is quite reasonable.这价格相当合理。

the price is unreasonable.这价格高得不合理。

can you make it a little cheaper?=can you come down a little?=can you reduce the price?你能不能算便宜一点?

that sounds very impressive.那似乎非常好。that sounds reasonable.那似乎非常好。taking the quality into consideration, i think the price is reasonable.考虑到产品质量，我认为价格是合理的。

i can’t make a decision at this time.我无法现在做决定。

it’s not possible for us to make any sales at this price.我们无法以这种价格销售。.i’m afraid i can’t agree with you there.恐怕我不能同意您出的价格。

but considering the high quality, our price is very reasonable.不过鉴于产品的优良质量，我们的价格是非常合理

￥2.5(two point five)] 两块五。how many designs?有几个款式?3 designs.三个款式。how many colors? 有几种颜色?

when shall we deliver?什么时候交货?where shall we deliver? 货送到什么地方?where is your warehouse?仓库在哪儿?

30% deposit.付30%的订金。

only one sample can’t give you.这里只有一个样品，不能给你。

too expensive/much.太贵了。any discount?有折扣吗? cheaper?可以便宜一点吗? show me this!这个拿下来看看。

good quality or ordinary quality?质量好的还是普通的?

what’s the minimum quantity?最小起订量是多少?

at least 1 ctn.至少一箱/件。there’s minimum quantity.有最小起订量。can they be mixed?可以混装吗?mixed packing.混装。

just a me check.稍等，让我查一下。

same price/size.一样的价格/尺寸。i will come again tomorrow.我明天再来。where are you from?你是什么地方人?what’s your name?你叫什么?

may i have your card? 名片给一张，可以吗?card,please.名片。

stapler,please.订书机。calculator,please.计算器。adhesive tape,please.胶带。

here’s our catalogue.这是我们的目录。here’s my card.这是我的名片。your card, please.给我你的名片。

what’s the material.什么材料做的?the cost of raw material is increasing.原材料价格上涨。.out of stock.没现货。.do you have samples?有样品吗?can i buy a sample?能买一个样品吗?

we’ll give the money back when you place an order.下单时退钱给你。

good morning/ afternoon/evening/night!早上好!中午好!晚上好!晚安!

.nice/glad to meet/see you.很高兴遇见/见到你。me too!我也是!

thank you.谢谢!you are welcome!不用谢!come again next time.下次再来。good-bye/ see you.再见。

would you like some water?要喝水吗?sweet dreams.做个好梦。have a nice trip.一路顺风。have a nice day/evening/weekend!祝你过得愉快!周末愉快!

you can go to/visit our factory.你可以去我们的工厂看看。you’re shrewd.你真精明。

宾馆英语

1．i'd like to book a double room for tuesday next week.下周二我想订一个双人房间。

2．what's the price difference?两种房间的价格有什么不同？

3．a double room with a front view is 140 dollars per night, one with a rear view is 115 dollars per night.一间双人房朝阳面的每晚140美元，背阴面的每晚115美元。

4．i think i'll take the one with a front view then.我想我还是要阳面的吧。

5．how long will you be staying?您打算住多久？

6．we'll be leaving sunday morning.我们将在星期天上午离开。

7．and we look forward to seeing you next tuesday.我们盼望下周二见到您。

8．i'd like to book a single room with bath from the after-noon of october 4 to the morning of october 10.我想订一个带洗澡间的单人房间，10月4日下午到10月10日上午用。

9．we do have a single room available for those dates.我们确实有一个单间，在这段时间可以用。

10．what is the rate, please?请问房费多少？

11．the current rate is $ 50 per night.行房费是50美元一天。

12．what services come with that?这个价格包括哪些服务项目呢？

13．that sounds not bad at all.i'll take it.听起来还不错。这个房间我要了。

14．by the way, i'd like a quiet room away from the street if the is possible.顺便说一下，如有可能我想要一个不临街的安静房间。

外贸英语毕业论文篇五

外贸英语毕业论文范文

随着我国改革开放的不断深入和加入世界贸易组织(wto), 中国的贸易业务与国际有着越来越广泛和深入的联系。为了使国内从事贸易业务的人员能了解更多、更准确的国际经济与市场动态, 从而在国际交易中能应付自如, 外贸英语翻译受到越来越多的翻译界专业人士和外贸业务人员的关注,其重要性也显得越来越突出。由于各种因素的影响,目前的外贸英语翻译并不尽如人意,还存在不少的错误和问题。拟从以下三方面对其中的一些常见词汇翻译的问题进行初步的归类分析,探讨它们产生的主要原因,并就此提出一些相应的解决办法,以期对提高翻译的质量有所帮助。毕业论文辅导颜老师417472079。

一、充分认识外贸英语词汇的特点

词是语言中最小的、可以独立运用的结构单位,词义辨析是英汉翻译基本功,因词义理解错误而导致的翻译错误是外贸英语翻译中最常见的错误,它主要包括一词多义导致的错误,以虚指实的名词导致的错误和名词复数变义导致的错误。毕业论文辅导颜老师417472079

1.一词多义

英汉两种语言都有一词多义现象,而且这种现象非常普遍。因此,在翻译中如何分析把握原语中的多义词在特定的语言环境中的具体含义,准确无误地使之在目的语中再现,是翻

译的关键问题之一。许多常用的英语词汇在外贸英语中既有普通含义,又被赋予新的含义,有的进而发展成为专业词汇、外贸术语。许多外贸英语翻译错误由此而生。如例句:

provided you fulfill the terms of the credit , we will accept and pay at maturity the误: 在贵公司履行信用证条款的条件下,我行将接受并于成熟之日支付信用证下提示的汇票。

正:我行将承兑并于期满时支付信用证项下提示的汇票。此句中的accept 和maturity 都是我们熟悉的词汇,其常用意义分别为“接受”和“成熟”,而在此处,accept 意为“承兑,即远期汇票的付款人接受汇票,正式确认如期支付汇票金额的责任”;maturity 意为“(票据的)到期”。这两个错误显然是由于忽略了这两个词在外贸英语中的特别意义所致。

由此可见,在外贸英语翻译中遇到一词多义的词汇时,千万不能想当然,要根据上下文来确定其含义。在不能确定时要勤查专业词典和书籍,弄懂词汇的确切意义和可能具有的特定意义,才能使传达的内容符合原文。

2.以虚指实的名词

外贸英语中的抽象名词在很多情况下也可变成可数名词,表示比较具体的东西,并可有复数形式,这些以虚指实的抽象名词能大大简洁英语的表述。在这种情况下,翻译应该把虚化为实,使之具体化,从而使译文更为贴切。例如:

(1)thank you for informing us about the damage to our shipment.(2)the united states is a heavy consumer of natural resources , and it is increasingly re2liant on certain import s , especially on nt 做不可数名词时有“装运,运送”的意思,而在例

(1)中,该词用作可数名词,其语义具体确定为“所交运的货物”则更准确。在例(2)中,import s 并非抽象的“进口”之意,而是指“进口的产品”。在处理类似情况时,需要一点灵活变通,在原词词义的基础上加以适当的引伸或添补,即可使中文译文很确切到位。毕业论文辅导颜老师417472079

3.名词复数变义

在外贸英语中,有些名词在从单数构成复数时词义发生了变化。有些名词的单、复数意义截然不同,复数意义并非单数意义的扩展或引申,也非联想意义。处理这类词的翻译时需要格外小心,认真辨析,不能简单当作复数概念看待,不然的话,译文也容易出现偏差。如:

(1)commodity futures t rading is an important part of the buying and selling process(商品的期货交易是买卖过程中的重要组成部分).(2)for accounting and other purposes , the above2mentioned current asset s and liabilitiesare those actually shown in the balance sheet as per incorporation date(为了核算和其他目的,上述流动资产及负债就是那些实际反映在公司成立那天的资产负债表内的数字)以上两例中futures 和liabilities 的意义分别为“期货”和“负债”,与各自单数形式的抽象意义“未来”和“责任”相去甚远。类似的例子还有: securities 表示“有价证券”,而非“安全”,facilities 表示“设备,设施”, 而非“容易,便利”,等等。这类词尽管为数不多,但是若译者稍有疏忽大意,处理不慎,就会造成误译。

二、全面把握外贸英语词汇的翻译原则

1.把握适合的语场

语场, 即话语范围, 是指在交际过程中实际发生的事, 以及参与者所从事的活动, 其中语言活动是重要组成部分。外贸英语的语场既包括外贸工从事的各种进出口业务活动, 又包括他们用以表达进出口业务的语言。在外贸活动中, 为了达到有效交际, 主要语言活动必须紧紧围绕着贸易活动这个话题进行, 贸易工必须使用能够有效表达这个话题的语言项目, 如贸易术语、贸易习惯用语、固定语法和语篇格式(例如国际贸易定价单、合同)等。也就是说, 外贸英语的语域在很大程度上是由语场来决定的。在国际贸易的悠久历史中, 其词汇、语法结构、习惯用语等已经形成了许多固定表达方式, 而这些表达方式大多数是由语场决定的。在外贸英语翻译时, 译者必须使用表达国际贸易语言意义的词汇和习惯用语,也应当符合外贸英语的语场义。

2.了解不同的文化

翻译意味着传达信息。其准确性依赖于很多因素: 文章本身的可信度、文章类型、目标读者、被翻译文章在使用中的风格以及翻译的目的。而在实际翻译过程中, 译者要了解原文读者对文章的理解如何以及译文读者的反应如何是很困难的, 也就是说如果译者不了解原

文和译文各自所代表的文化的特点, 那么他就很难达到对等翻译的目的。中国人和西方人在观察和思维上都存在着差异, 因而对同一种东西及其特征和属性有着不同的概念和表达方式, 翻译时译者必须清楚地了解中西方对某一具体事物各自不同的表达方式, 越过英汉表达形式的局限进行意义上的对等翻译。例如:

(1)we are interested in the samples you sent to onjuly 4 and have decided to place a trial order for 300clests of black tea and 400clests of golden sugar,but onlyif you can guarantee dispatch in time to reach us by theend of july.对于贵公司7 月4 日寄来的样品我们非常有兴趣。现决定试定300 箱红茶和400 箱赤砂糖。惟请规范法保证能在7 月底之前及时交货。

在这一例中如果将black tea 译成“黑茶”、goldensugar 译成“金色糖”的话, 会令人难以理解, 而将它们分别译成“红茶”和“赤砂糖”则符合中国人的文化习惯。

三、密切注意词汇惯用法和搭配

毕业论文辅导颜老师417472079。熟悉和掌握英语的惯用法和搭配会对翻译有所帮助,可以帮助我们克服本民族语言和文化的影响而产生的错误,避免直译或不合习惯的类推,从而提高翻译的质量。若不知redtape 常用来表示“繁文缛节”的话,就很可能把它直译成“红带子”。外贸英语中to draw adraft 也可能被想当然地译为“提取一张汇票”,因为draw 一词在to draw money f rom thebank 中有“提取、提款”的意思。请看例句:

(1)the exporter has drawn a draft on the importer for usd 5 ,800 with relevant shippingdocument s attached.此句中to draw a draft 是to write out a draft ,即“开立一张汇票”之义,而该义一般不用to open a draft 来表达。明确了该搭配的意义后,全句可译为:“出口方开立了一张金额为5 800 美元、以进口方为付款人的汇票,随附相关货运单据”。再如,in favor of 和in the red 在外贸英语中也有其习惯用法和意义,翻译时要引起注意。例(10)中的in favor of 根据上下文应译为“以某某为受益人”,而不应译为“支持”或“有利于”。

当然,外贸英语合同语言还有其他一些特点,如多用正式和法律用词,多在here , there ,where 后加后缀使用等,限于篇幅,在此不逐一列出这些翻译错误。总之,在翻译外贸英语合同时,了解类似用法特点是十分必要的,只有这样才能保证合同翻译的准确无误,才能充分体现合同具有的法律效力。

毕业论文辅导颜老师417472079。以上只是对外贸英语词汇翻译中常见的一些错误进行初步分析,外贸英语的翻译错误决不只是局限于以上三个方面,还有其他一些因素,如中英文化、思维方式的差异,译者中英文两种语言理解和驾驭能力不够,等等,都会给语际间的转换造成实际障碍,从而导致各种各样的错误产生。在翻译外贸英语内容时,除了勤查词典、字斟句酌之外,平时还应注重外贸知识学习,了解外贸英语的特点,熟悉外贸术语、常用表达,善于积累,掌握丰富的英语语言知识和外贸专业知识,尽可能消除交际中种种障碍,从而达到准确、忠实传递信息的目的。